Relevance. Development of nuclear technologies and their wide application in medicine, power engineering and industry is always associated with health risks both for employees of nuclear facilities and for the population living in the vicinity of such facilities. Adequate assessment of such risks is possible only on the basis of the results of health monitoring of the personnel of potentially hazardous nuclear facilities and the population living in the vicinity of such facilities. One of the topical directions of research within the framework of such monitoring is assessment of specific morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms (MN) (C00-C97 according to ICD-10).
Intention. To analyze the main medico-statistical indicators of MN-related morbidity and mortality over time among the personnel of nuclear industry and nuclear power plants and the population living near such facilities, as well as the general population of Russia in 2012-2018.
Methodology. We analyzed basic medical and statistical indicators of the morbidity among the personnel of potentially hazardous nuclear facilities and the population with MN living in the vicinity of such facilities; the data was obtained from the Federal Center for Information Technologies of Extreme Problems of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia. The results were compared with MN incidence in Russia using data from P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute, a branch of the National Medical Research Center for Radiology of the Russian Ministry of Health.
Results and Discussion. There is an increase in MN primary incidence rate in the medical institutions of the FMBA and the Ministry of Health of Russia. The congruence of the trends is strongly positive and statistically significant (r = 0.932; p < 0.001), which may indicate a unidirectional influence of factors contributing to MN development in patients of FMBA and Russian Ministry of Health institutions. The average annual rates of primary morbidity (354.2 8.9) per 100,000 people, mortality (158.5 ± 4.2) per 100,000 people and one-year mortality (19.6 ± 0.5) % of patients registered in FMBA medical organizations were statistically significantly lower than those in Russia - (398.0 ± 8.5) per 100,000 population, (200.5 ± 0.6) per 100,000 population and (24.0 ± 0.6) %, respectively. The trend of MN-related mortality rate in the Russian population approached a straight horizontal line, i.e. showed a tendency to stability, in patients of FMBA indicators increased. There was a decrease in one-year MN-related mortality rate and an increase in 5-year survival rate in the departments under consideration.
Conclusion. The results of the study may become the basis for developing medical and social rehabilitation measures for employees of the enterprises serviced by FMBA medical organizations, as well as for attached contingents. Continuous monitoring and analysis of oncological morbidity on a personal level using registry technologies are necessary in the areas with potentially hazardous nuclear facilities.

Relevance. In the context of the ongoing pandemic of new coronavirus infection, the development and implementation of new methods for medical (pulmonary) rehabilitation of patients is an urgent scientific and practical task.
Intention. To assess the effectiveness and substantiate the possibility of using a new physiotherapeutic technology based on bioacoustic stimulation of the respiratory system with high-intensity low-frequency sounds in the comprehensive medical rehabilitation of patients with coronavirus pneumonia.
Methodology. A randomized controlled open parallel clinical trial of 28 patients was conducted to assess effectiveness of medical rehabilitation after coronavirus pneumonia.
Results and Discussion. Changes in external respiration indicators, psychological status and severity of post-traumatic stress disorders statistically significantly differed in the intervention and control groups before and after the course of rehabilitation. Therefore, bioacoustic stimulation of the respiratory system as part of comprehensive medical rehabilitation program after coronavirus pneumonia significantly increases its effectiveness.
Conclusion. Bioacoustic stimulation of the respiratory system with high-intensity low-frequency sounds can be recommended as an effective physical method for inclusion in the comprehensive medical rehabilitation program for patients recovered from coronavirus pneumonia.

Relevance. The greatest difficulties in emergencies of biological nature arise if health care is provided to significant contingents of persons engaged in work activities outside large settlements and united by common living, food and recreation conditions, for example, shift workers engaged in the implementation of large construction projects. Despite the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the construction of large industrial enterprises should continue, which makes the problem of medical support for shift workers extremely urgent.
Intention. To analyze the experience of organizing and conducting anti-epidemic and medical evacuation measures during the medical support of personnel engaged in the construction of the Amur Gas Processing Plant (AGPP) in the conditions of the spread of the first wave of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19).
Methodology. The subject of the study was the medical support of shift workers employed in the construction of the AGPP. The total number of employees working on the construction site of the AGPP daily from March to September 2020 ranged from 30,390 to 39,120 people. Citizens of the Russian Federation as well as of foreign countries from near and far abroad worked on a shift basis. All employees lived in dormitories on the territory of temporary shift camps for construction workers, and ate in common canteens. Anti-epidemic and medical evacuation measures were developed and their effectiveness assessed using methods of historical analysis and comparison, systematic and logical analysis, expert assessments, statistical analysis.
Results and Discussion. The results of a retrospective analysis of measures for medical support of workers employed in the construction of the AGPP are presented. Starting from 03/28/2020, the following anti-epidemic measures were implemented: disinfection of dormitories, canteens, transport and offices; the use of protective masks and gloves; daily measurement of body temperature; disposable tableware. Since 04/27/2020, there were restrictions on entry and exit from the AGPP; employees lived either in shift camps on the territory of the construction site, or in city dormitories with isolated perimeter (for engineering and technical personnel). After detecting the first case of COVID-19 infection, isolation of COVID-19 cases with contact tracing took place. From 29.05 to 06.06.2020, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence analysis were performed in 30,445 workers. As a result, a quarantine regime in shift camps was introduced, and medical prophylaxis was prescribed to their inhabitants in accordance with the Temporary Methodological Recommendations “Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)”, version 7.0 of 03.06.2020. During repeated mass testing from 12.06 to 19.06.2020, 95.9% of primary SARS-CoV-2-positive employees became negative after treatment with hydroxychloroquine and recombinant interferon-alpha, thus suggesting high effectiveness of anti-epidemic, therapeutic, and preventive measures. For treatment of COVID-19 cases, a hospital base was deployed, including three provisional hospitals, infectious disease department of the Svobodnenskaya Hospital and a temporary infectious disease hospital built in June-July 2020 directly on the site of the AGPP. The above facilities had all the necessary medical equipment and supplies. Due to the shortage of available beds in health facilities, on 14.06 and 19.06.2020 44 patients with COVID-19 of mild and moderate severity were evacuated by air to medical institutions of the Khabarovsk Territory and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). More than 150 healthcare workers, including doctors, nurses, paramedics and medical assistants were involved in anti-epidemic, therapeutic, and preventive measures at the AGPP.
Conclusion. Thanks to the anti-epidemic and medical evacuation measures, the construction of the AGPP during the first wave of new coronavirus infection went on, and after the epidemic situation stabilization in August 2020, mass engagement of shift workers was resumed.

Relevance. Mortality from accidents, poisoning, acute diseases and injuries in Russia and the world remains high. For a number of urgent conditions, fast medical evacuation to a medical facility and prompt specialized care are critical. In a metropolis, there are a number of features that limit the work of ambulance ground teams (AGT).
Intention. To analyze medical evacuation of patients to a hospital in a metropolis (the city of Moscow as an example) using ground transportation, with its shortcomings and limitations.
Methodology. Patterns prehospital and early hospital mortality of patients in need of emergency medical care were analyzed, main reasons for the fastest possible transportation to a specialized hospital were determined. The statistics of road traffic accidents involving ambulances in Moscow for 2019-2020 were analyzed. Average traffic loads in Moscow for the period of 2017-2019 were estimated. Cases of rendering emergency medical care to Muscovites outside the city and in places without a road transport system were analyzed.
Results and Discussion. The main causes of death before arrival of ambulance teams are blood loss of various origins (28 %), burn shock (6 %), poisoning with various substances (31 %), traumatic brain injury and stroke (12 %), acute coronary syndrome (7 %) and a number of other conditions. If resuscitation measures are required, risks of death increase by 10.7 % for every 10 minutes of waiting for an ambulance. One-day outcomes were influenced by time to hospital admission for cardiovascular diseases (26.9-30.1 % mortality rate ); diseases and injuries of the central nervous system, i.e. stroke, head injury (25.2-25.5 % mortality rate); internal bleeding (12.6-15.2 % mortality rate). In Moscow in 2019, an average of 2.8 ambulance vehicles got into road accidents daily. This probability amounted to 2.78 x10^-3 and was 2.5 times higher than for other vehicles (1.11 x10^-3). The main restrictions for ground transportation in a metropolis are as follows: unpredictable traffic conditions increase time to hospital admission, difficulty transporting patients from remote areas, including off-road locations.
Conclusion. When urgent patients are admitted to a specialized hospital by road in a metropolis, there are a number of restrictions that must be taken into account when organizing emergency medical care. The main potential risks of increased time to hospital admission in Moscow is unpredictable road traffic.

Relevance. Occupational injuries - a set of injuries received by workers in the workplace and caused by non-compliance with working conditions for a certain period of time, for example, for 1 year. Industrial injuries - a controlled process and an indicator of occupational safety.
Intention. To analyze occupational injuries among the personnel of the Federal Fire Service (FFS) of the EMERCOM of Russia by category for 15 years from 2006 to 2020.
Methodology. The injury rates for personnel (with special ranks and employees) of the FFS of the EMERCOM of Russia were obtained from the statistical data bank on morbidity, injuries, disability and death of personnel of the EMERCOM of Russia units during the performance of their duties. Injury rates per 10,000 firefighters were calculated. The received injuries were correlated with the categories of personnel (operational personnel, preventive, technical and managerial personnel) and activities (fire fighting, training / sports and everyday activities). The circumstances of receiving injuries were generalized by causes: technical, organizational, psycho-physiological and dangerous fire-related factors. The results were checked for normality of distribution. Arithmetic mean values and their errors are presented. The dynamics of receiving injuries was assessed using time series and 2nd order polynomial trends. Consistency (congruence) of the studied trends was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients.
Results and Discussion. There is a decrease in occupational injuries in all categories of personnel of the EMERCOM of Russia FFS. Average annual level of occupational injuries in 2006-2020 was (14.66 ± 2.01) per 10,000 firefighters. Russian workers overall tended to have higher levels (17.87 ± 1.56) per 10,000 Russian workforce (nonsignificant difference). The consistency of the trends is strong positive and statistically significant (r = 0.833; p < 0.001), which may indicate the influence of unidirectional factors in recieving injuries. The proportion of injuries among operational personnel was 67.1% of the structure of all occupational injuries, the average annual injury rate was (14.47 ± 2.06) per 10 thousand firefighters; among preventive personnel - 6.6 % and (12.33 ? 2.33) per 10 thousand, respectively; among technical personnel - 6.5 % and (10.86 ± 1.58) per 10 thousand, respectively; among managerial personnel - 19.8 % and (18.65 ± 2.49) per 10 thousand firefighters, respectively. The highest level of occupational injuries and the proportion of injuries among the operational staff were due to psychophysiological causes during daily activities - (4.31 ± 0.86) per 10 thousand firefighters and 19.5 % of the structure of all injuries and fire hazards during fire extinguishing - (4.03 ± 0.45) per 10 thousand and 18.2 %, respectively. For preventive, technical and managerial personnel, the leading causes of injuries were psychophysiological factors during daily activities - (7.21 ± 1.43) per 10 thousand and 3.8 %; (6.19 ± 0.95) per 10 thousand and 3.7 %; (6.55 ± 0.81) per 10 thousand firefighters and 7.2 %, respectively. The average annual risk of receiving injury during firefighting among the personnel of the EMERCOM of Russia FFS in 2009-2020 amounted to (0.18 ± 0.01) x 10^-3 injuries/(fire x year), for the operational staff -(0.15 ± 0.01) x 10^-3 injuries/(fire x year). There is a tendency to reducing risks of injury. Risks of injury turned out not to depend on the number of fires; the congruence of trends for fires and risks in the personnel and operational staff is weak positive and statistically nonsignificant (r = 0.208 and r = 0.201, respectively; p > 0.05 for both coefficients).
Conclusion. Occupational injuries can become manageable only if all injuries are taken into account and a wide range of concerned professionals (firefighters, managers, engineers, doctors, etc.) are involved in the analysis of their causes.

Relevance. According to the federal regulatory and legal acts, medical care is classified depending on its types, conditions and forms of provision, and is regulated by procedures, standards and clinical recommendations. This determines the relevance of the structural and functional representation of the main classifying principles of medical care within the framework of the regulatory and legal acts in conjunction with other fundamental terms of healthcare organization. However, in scientific and methodological publications, a number of authors unreasonably use the terms “first aid”, “qualified medical care” and other medical care that do not comply with the regulatory and legal acts.
Intention – To analyze the leading terms and provisions of the federal legislation by types, services and forms of medical care and related definitions of the law, presenting them as structural-logical schemes.
Methodology. The legal acts that define medical care by types, services and forms of its provision are analyzed, the analysis of scientific research is carried out.
Results and Discussion. In Russia, the conceptual apparatus is legally defined in relation to the term “medical care”, the criteria for its types, conditions and forms. Based on the structural-functional approach, the authors analyzed the leading terms and provisions of the healthcare legislation by types, services and forms of medical care and related definitions of the law, presenting them as structural-logical schemes.
Conclusion. A detailed analysis of the key term “medical care” and related definitions as structural and functional schemes gives visual and logical presentation for better understanding and use in practical work as well as for preparation of publications.

Relevance. Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation in the framework of the implementation of the provisions of the Presidential Decree No 645 of 26.10.2020 “On the Development Strategy of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring national security until 2035” obliges to develop and to thoroughly improve the organization of medical and evacuation support of permanent and visiting population as well as of temporarily working personnel of this territory, in emergencies of different genesis.
Intention. To elaborate and to substantiate the proposals on further improvement of the system of medical and evacuation support for the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.
Methodology. Normative and methodical documents regulating the organization of medical and evacuation support of the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, results of interdepartmental experimental research training carried out in 2021, actual data on the capabilities of medical and evacuation support by medical treatment organizations in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation have been analyzed.
Results and Discussion. Analysis of the current interdepartmental system of medical and evacuation support of the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation revealed typical conditions influencing its further development, which include: imperfect legislative base regulating the procedure of involvement of interdepartmental medical forces and assets for organization of medical and evacuation support of victims in emergencies; considerable distance between island and continental parts of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, between seaports and large settlements with medical treatment organizations, between facilities with high risks of emergencies; extreme natural and climatic factors; underdeveloped transport communications — a network of airfields and airstrips, railways and roads, which are usually impassable for conventional ambulance transport; huge distances to economically developed areas of the continental part of the country, where specialized medical centers are located.
The article presents the substantiated proposals for further improvement of organization of medical and evacuation support for the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation; for creation and involvement of mobile medical units; for development of the medical evacuation system, including sanitary aviation, and of its material and technical base, of robotic modules of medical evacuation; for training of medical personnel for the work in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion. The authors formulated the main directions of the development of interdepartmental cooperation within the framework of the All-Russian Disaster Medicine Service for further improvement of the medical evacuation support for the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.

Relevance. Hydrogen fluoride is a highly active chemical substance widely used in industry for production of inorganic fluorides, organofluorine compounds, in the processing of aluminum, stainless steel and alloys. The chemical properties of hydrogen fluoride determine its ability to have a destructive effect on the tissues of the human body and high toxicity with local and systemic exposure. Hydrogen fluoride poisoning is severe and difficult to treat. Clarification of the clinical picture and the search for new methods of treating lesions with hydrogen fluoride are of great importance for protecting the health of workers in chemical industries and eliminating the consequences of technogenic accidents.
Intention. To consider the features of the observed clinical case of severe damage to the lungs and lower respiratory tract after inhalation exposure to hydrogen fluoride and treatment methods that made it possible to achieve favorable clinical results.
Methodology. The article discusses clinically important chemical properties of hydrogen fluoride, the mechanisms and manifestations of characteristic lesions developing in the human body with various routes of exposure. Modern approaches to the treatment of patients exposed to hydrogen fluoride are outlined.
Results and Discussion. Inhalation of gas mixtures, even with low concentrations of hydrogen fluoride, can lead to severe inflammatory-necrotic lung damage with interstitial pneumonia (chemical pneumonitis), adult respiratory distress syndrome, and severe respiratory failure. Improvement of clinical condition of the affected person in the observed case was achieved via complex treatment with glucocorticosteroids, antimicrobial agents, calcium gluconate inhalations. A key role in the patient’s treatment was played by long-term replacement of the impaired function of the lungs using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Conclusion. In severe forms of acute damage to the lungs and lower respiratory tract as a result of inhaled exposure to hydrogen fluoride, clinical recovery and improvement in the quality of life of the injured can be achieved through complex therapy using glucocorticosteroids, antibacterial agents, specific antidotes (calcium gluconate) and prolonged replacement of the respiratory function via artificial ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Relevance. Personal protective equipment plays a leading role in reducing risks of infection and ensuring the safety of medical personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, along with the positive “barrier” effect, personal protective equipment has a negative impact on human ergonomics, thus affecting the functional state and performance. Occupational activities of medical workers are often associated with complex, sometimes time-consuming operations; therefore, decreased functional state when using personal protective equipment can lead to errors and increase the health risks in both staff and patients.
Intention is to develop the main directions of preserving occupational performance of medical personnel when using personal protective equipment based on the study of the functional state.
Methodology. A sociological survey of 339 medical workers of the “red zone” of military medical organizations was conducted using an original questionnaire. Ergonomic indicators of personal protective equipment were assessed along with its negative influence.
Results and Discussion. All the survey participants mentioned negative impact on the functional state and performance when using personal protective equipment. The most frequent complaints included discomfort due to fogging of protective glasses (83 %), as well as damage to the skin from eye protection (82 %), respiratory protection (69 %), skin protection (suit, overalls) (38 %). According to the survey, headaches were statistically significantly associated with wearing personal protective equipment for more than 6 hours per shift (OR 1.66; 95 % CI: 1.07-2.56; p = 0.02), the age over 35 years (OR 2.44; 95 % CI: 1.49-4.00; p = 0.001), body mass index above 25 (OR 1.98; 95 % CI: 1.24-3.15; p = 0.003), overheating of the body (OR 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.41-3.66; p = 0.001).
Conclusion. The use of personal protective equipment when providing care to COVID-19 patients has a negative impact on the functional state and reduces the efficiency of medical personnel. Based on the results of the research, the main directions of preventive measures have been developed: selection of high-quality protective equipment, taking into account the anthropometric indicators of employees; ensuring optimal work and rest modes (no more than 4 hours of continuous work in personal protective equipment), monitoring and correction of the functional state of personnel at risk.

Relevance. The problem of determining intraoperative blood loss in combustiology remains relevant today. With the variety of existing methods of its assessment, the issue of optimizing transfusion therapy remains debatable.
Intention. To evaluate effects of the eschar excision area on the complete blood count and to compare results of computational methods for determining volumes of blood loss with actual volumes of blood exfusion.
Methodology. 73 burned patients were included in the retrospective study. Early surgical excision with simultaneous autodermoplasty was performed in all patients. To achieve the study purposes, the intervention areas were compared with changes in hemoglobin, hematocrit, volume and number of red blood cells. The prospective study included 20 volunteers who donated 450 ml of the whole blood. In this group, donated volumes were compared with calculated volumes of blood loss (according to PG. Budny and G.D. Warden). The data obtained were processed via Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 using descriptive, parametric and nonparametric statistics.
Results and Discussion. According to the retrospective analysis, actual areas of excision were not consistently related to the changes in complete blood count in the postoperative period. Based on the results of prospective analysis, we were able to reveal correlations between actual volumes of blood loss and changes in hemoglobin concentrations in somatically healthy volunteers (by PG. Budny). There were no similar correlations between volumes of blood loss and decreased hematocrit (by G.D. Warden).
Conclusion. According to the results of the study, we couldn't confirm the effectiveness of empirical methods for determining volumes of blood loss in burned patients. The PG. Budny formula gives representative results of blood loss volumes in healthy volunteers. However, the effectiveness of this method in combustiology requires further research.

Relevance. The active development of nuclear and radiation technologies and, as a result, the significant use of ionizing radiation sources in many spheres of life (national economy, science, technology, medicine, etc.) has led to a significant increase in the group of people in contact with ionizing radiation, and, accordingly, to an increase in the risk of abnormal and emergency situations with an increase in the number of victims of radiation. In the clinic of human radiation pathology, local radiation injuries are much more common than other acute radiation injuries.
Intention. To determine rates of long-term radiobiological effects in patients with local radiation injuries of varying severity who underwent inpatient treatment in the Clinic of the State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Methodology. Rates of the consequences of local radiation lesions of varying severity were assessed based on the medical records of 146 patients who were affected by radiation accidents from 1950 to 2013 and underwent inpatient treatment in the Clinic of the State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency during the aftermath.
Results and Discussion. Rates of long-term consequences were assessed depending on severity, location and size of local radiation injuries. Degrees of severity determine typical “clinical portraits” of the radiobiological consequences of local radiation injuries.
Conclusion. Information about specific rates of long-term consequences of local radiation injuries can be used by healthcare professionals who care of patients affected by radiation accidents when determining adequate treatment and rehabilitation tactics for maximum preservation of working capacity in the period of consequences.

Relevance. Uncertainty and inconsistency of information related to the new coronavirus infection resulted in distrust in vaccination among population of different countries worldwide.
Intention: To clarify attitudes to vaccination and some reasons for refusing vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic among military personnel.
Methodology: 536 male military cadets of the university, who voluntarily underwent vaccination against COVID-19 as recommended by military authorities, were anonymously surveyed. The average age of the respondents was (21.5 ± 4.5) years. Two groups of cadets were formed: Group 1 (n = 465) with I and II category of fitness for work and Group 2 (n = 71) with III category of fitness for work according to professional psychological selection. The results were checked for the normality of distribution. Similarities (differences) in the answers between groups were assessed using χ² criterion.
Results and Discussion. A survey of military cadets revealed that professional psychological selection contributes not only to the effectiveness of professional training, but also to adherence to vaccination against COVID-19. If, according to the Russian Public Opinion Research Center, 55% of Russians have a positive attitude to being vaccinated against COVID-19, such persons amounted to 91.6% (p < 0.001) among cadets assigned to categories I-II and to 47.9% among those assigned to category III of fitness for work based on professional psychological selection. Up to 4.7% of cadets in Group 1 and 29.6% in Group 2 (p < 0.001) mentioned possible early complications during vaccination, for example, being affected by COVID-19. The authors of the vaccine also claim a small percentage of possible complications in the early post-vaccination period. In this regard, the answers of the cadets in Group 1 are quite consistent with the opinion of the scientists and developers and indicate the validity of the studies.
Conclusion. Increased anxiety in a situation of uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic can be overcome by timely informing the public about vaccine effectiveness and contraindications by medical professionals.

Relevance. Firefighters often work in extreme conditions while carrying out professional activities, they quickly make decisions that affect the lives of the victims and the safety of significant material resources. In addition to professional skills, knowledge and abilities, effective decision-making is largely determined by their resistance to stress.
Intention is to develop an algorithm for assessing the stress resistance of employees of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia, who have special ranks, for managerial decision-making.
Methodology. 261 employees of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia directly involved in firefighting were examined. Their average age was (31.0 ± 3.3) years, professional experience - (6.5 ± 3.2) years. There were 186 firefighters and drivers of fire trucks (1st group), 52 chiefs of fire guards (2nd group), 23 chiefs (deputies) of fire and rescue units (3rd group). The psychological status of firefighters was studied using the methods “Forecast-2”, a multi-level personal questionnaire “Adaptiveness” and the test “Meaningful life orientations” by D.A. Leontiev. With the help of dispersion analysis, a comparative assessment of indicators in the general array was carried out and three groups of firefighters were identified. A discriminatory model for assigning firefighters to professional groups has been developed.
Results and Discussion. A high level of neuropsychic stability according to the “Forecast-2” method was revealed in 33.7 % of the firefighters of the general array, the average level - in 66.3 %. No firefighters with low level of nervous mental stability were identified. The most pronounced indicators of socio-psychological adaptation according to the methods used were found among the heads of fire and rescue units and their deputies and the heads of fire guards. A discriminant model was developed that contained 6 statistically significant predictors: X₁ - professional experience; X₂ - nervous mental stability according to the “Forecast” method; X₃ - behavioral regulation according to the questionnaire “Adaptiveness”; X₄ - locus of control - life according to the test “Meaningful life orientations”; X₅ - communicative qualities according to the questionnaire “Adaptiveness”; Х₆ - goals in life according to the test “Meaningful life orientations”. The model as a whole turned out to be statistically significant (p < 0.001) and qualified at 94.3 %. With the help of three linear discriminant functions, firefighters can be classified into the selected groups.
Conclusion. The revealed differences in indicators of neuropsychic stability and life orientations among firefighters will allow for more targeted psychological support of activities and objectively make administrative decisions.

Relevance. In terms of environmental and social dimensions, the Chernobyl accident is the largest in the history of Russia. Radiation-hazardous incidents also occurred on nuclear submarines. The leading medical consequences of various radiation accidents in the remote period were the presence of psychosomatic pathology among the liquidators of the consequences of accidents.
Intention. To determine the leading factors of psychological status among liquidators of the consequences of radiation accidents, which mitigate the development of psychosomatic disorders in the long term.
Methodology. In 2019, a comprehensive in-hospital examination of 101 male liquidators of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was conducted. The examined persons were (65.2 ± 0.7) years old, the average radiation dose was 18 cSv. All surveyed liquidators had somatic pathology with an important contribution of psychogenic factors (hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, gastric/duodenum ulcer etc.). The psychological status was assessed using well-known tests. As a control, we used the reference indicators of the methods for similar gender and age groups. The information obtained was checked for normality of distribution. Arithmetic mean values and their errors (M ± m) are provided. Using the factor analysis with rotation of the array, the factors of psychological status were established.
Results and Discussion. It turned out that the liquidators of the consequences of the accident have lowered indicators reflecting an active life position and quality of life. When the respective accident was mentioned, they showed irritability, a feeling of tension and alertness, which indicated their anxiety-phobic experience even in the remote period after the accident. Interest in life, its emotional saturation, and self-confidence were decreased. At the same time, indicators of manipulative and antisocial actions were lower vs the control group. In the factor analysis of psychological indicators using principal components with rotation, 5 factors were formed with a total variance of 58.6 %. Factors with higher association contained psychological signs that contributed to or mitigated psychosomatic disorders as follows: Factor 1, named as “Active life position”, accounted for 31.3 % of the total variance; Factor 2 “Negative socio-psychological consequences of a radiation accident” - 10.1%; Factor 3 “Quality of life” - 8.1 %; Factor 4 “Non-constructive models of behavior in a difficult life situation” - 4.9 %; Factor 5 “Mental health” - 4.1 %.
Conclusion. The factor analysis of the results from liquidators of the radiation accident helped identify the leading positive qualities and maladjustment problems that can be targets for psycho-prophylaxis.

Relevance. The study of the global pool of theses and dissertations in disaster medicine can reflect the general structure of innovative research and will assist in reviewing current scientific literature in this field of knowledge.
Intention is to analyze the structure and dynamics of the number of foreign dissertations in disaster medicine and compare them with similar indicators of Russian dissertations.
Methodology. The object of study is the global pool of dissertations presented in the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global electronic database, Health & Medicine section, for the period 1992-2020 and an array of domestic dissertations in the scientific specialty 05.26.02 “Safety in emergency situations” (medical, biological and psychological sciences) for 1992-2020. The quantitative indicators of foreign and Russian dissertations in emergency medicine were compared.
Results and Discussion. The electronic search made it possible to find 28,423 foreign doctoral (PhD) dissertations in the problems of disaster medicine. The polynomial trend with a very high coefficient of determination (R² = 0.97) shows an increase in the annual number of dissertations for the period 1992-2020. The average annual number of dissertations in the period under review was 980 ± 386. Dissertations described general provisions (4.7 %), tasks and organization of the disaster medicine service (8.3 %), forecasting and modeling of the health consequences of emergencies (4.8 %), organization of medical-sanitary support (18.5 %), provision of medical care and treatment of victims (14.9 %), medical control, examination and rehabilitation of rescuers (2.3 %), training of disaster medicine specialists (12.8 %), biological issues (6.2 %), psychiatric and psychological security problems (28.1 %). The general array of dissertations was analyzed by leading countries and universities. Quantity and scope of foreign dissertations on the problems of disaster medicine were compared with those of Russian dissertations over time.
Conclusion. More than 95 % of the analyzed pool of disaster medicine dissertations in the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global database are published in full text. Our study makes it possible to optimize scientific research in the field of disaster medicine and also shows possible approaches to dissertation analysis when preparing own manuscripts.