Relevance. The need to search and develop effective measures for medical and psychological rehabilitation (MPR), which provide optimization of the functional state of specialists of EMERCOM of Russia.

Intention. To determine effectiveness factors of a 10 day MPR program for specialists of EMERCOM of Russia. Methodology. The sample consisted of 110 specialists of EMERCOM of Russia units sent for the MPR. The actual functional state of the body was studied with the help of clinical and psychological interviews, functional tests, psychophysiological examinations on the “Psychophysiologist” and “Reacor” hardware complexes, K. Izard’s differential emotions scale adapted by A. Leonova.

Results and discussion. According to the results of cluster analysis, the total sample was divided into groups taking into account the level of ability to restore the functional state of the body after the MPR program: high (26.4%), medium (45.4%) and low (28.2%). The low level group included professionals with low mental stress in their activities. Basically, they needed an organized rest and psycho preventive measures. The critical values of the indicators of the functional state of the specialists of the Emercom of Russia in need of conducting MPR are revealed. According to the results of factor analysis, explaining about 53% of the total variance of indicators, the effectiveness of the MPR program is revealed. The designed algorithm of the 10 day MPR program for EMERCOM specialists allows us to reduce neuropsychic stress, form a positive assessment of professional experience, develop stability and endurance of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, and achieve high functional capabilities of the body.

Conclusion. The factors of effectiveness of the 10 day MPR program for EMERCOM of Russia specialists were determined: low neuropsychic stress, a positive assessment of professional experience, stable functioning, endurance of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, high functional capabilities of the body, and readiness for activity. Functional indicators of the need for MPR are established; taking these into account helps to prescribe specific rehabilitation measures for EMERCOM of Russia specialists.

Relevance. The Navy of Russia and the Ground Forces of Russia recieve new kinds of weapons, hence high requirements to the somatic and mental health of the conscripts.

Intention: To analyze morbidity in conscripts of the Russian Navy and the Ground Forces in 2003–2018. Methodology. A selective statistical analysis was performed using medical reports on the state of health of personnel and activities of the medical service according to Form 3 / MED in military units, in which about 60 % of the total number of conscripts of the Armed Forces of Russia served in 2003–2018. Commonly accepted medical and statistical morbidity indicators were analyzed by disease categories of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health Problems, 10th revision.

Results and Discussion. The average annual morbidity rates were (1833.3 ± 84.9) ‰ in conscripts of the Russian Navy and (2008.,0 ± 102.4) ‰ in conscripts of the Russian Ground Forces; primary morbidity rates were (1019.9 ± 54,8) and (1014.0 ± 79.2) ‰, respectively; the need for case follow up was (166.5 ± 19.0) and (128.2 ± 8.1) ‰, respectively; hospital admissions were (968.5 ± 71.3) and (1033.5 ± 89.6) ‰, respectively; work days lost (13,166 ± 7.99) and (11,104 ± 595) ‰, respectively (p < 0.01); dismissal rates were (33.38 ± 1.79) and (18.28 ± 1.66) ‰, respectively; mortality rates were (24.87 ± 5.12) and (50.67 ± 7.84) per 100 thou sand conscripts of the respective cohort (p < 0.05). With determination coefficients of various significance, the polynomial trends show an increase in primary and general morbidity, hospital admissions and work days lost, as well as decrease in dismissal rates and mortality rates. The trends in almost all morbidity types are moderately and statistically significantly consistent, suggesting the influence of uniderectional factors, for example, military professional ones. There is a functional consistency between mortality trends in Russian male population aged 20–24 and conscripts of the Russian Navy and Ground Forces (r = 0.83 and 0.87; p < 0.001), thus suggesting the influence of uniderectional factors, for example, of macro social, behavioural or other nature. In the co horts of conscripts under study, the leading disease categories from military epidemiological point of view were similar: respiratory diseases (ICD 10 category X) ranked 1st; injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (XIX) ranked 2nd; mental and behavioural disorders (V) ranked 3rd; diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (XII) ranked 4th; diseases of the digestive system (XI) ranked 5th. In conscripts, the leading diseases from military epidemiological point of view were as follows: acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract (J00–J06 by ICD 10); head injuries (S00–S09); injuries to unspecified part of trunk, limb or body region (T00–T07); diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20–К31). In the Navy conscripts, neurotic and stress related and somatoform disorders (F40–F48) played an important role; in conscripts of the Ground Forces, infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00–L08).

Conclusion. Prevention, timely treatment and rehabilitation will help improve the health status of conscripts. Taking into account the rates and structure of morbidity will optimize allocation of resources the medical service of the Armed Forces of Russia.

Relevance. Heavy rainfall in June July 2019 and a rise of water levels in rivers caused flooding in the Irkutsk region. About 11 thousand houses, 49 road sections were flooded, 22 bridges were destroyed and damaged. Over 45 thousand people were affected by the flood, 25 people died, 6 went missing. In the areas of disaster, emergency regime was declared. 10 meter dam on the Iya River was broken, the most dangerous flood was in the Tulun town, Irkutsk Region. The powerful pressure of the river, sweeping and destroying everything in its path, surged into the town. Residential houses and farm buildings floated along the river, breaking against a bridge. On June 29 at 2 p.m. there was a maximum water level of 13 m 87 cm, which was almost 2 times higher than the critical level, after which the water began to decline. The flood divided the city into 2 parts.

Intention is to present the results of emergency recovery work and analyze the medical support during the flood elimination in the Irkutsk region.

Methodology. The airmobile group (AMG) of the Tula Rescue Center of the EMERCOM of Russia was formed in the amount of 100 persons to participate in the emergency response. From July 6 to August 15, 2019 military personnel of AMG performed emergency recovery work during a flood in the Tulun town, Irkutsk Region.

Results and analysis. Due to the unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situation in the area of emergency response, military personnel of the AMG were vaccinated against hepatitis A. During emergency recovery operations, 4941 dump trucks (123,525 m³) of solid waste were removed, 122 houses and adjoining territories were cleared from household rubbish as a result of a bypass and targeted assistance to the population, 210 destroyed residential buildings and 345 outbuildings were dismantled, 390 m of drainage trenches were dug, 23,396 m³ of water was pumped out from courtyards and streets, 10 tons of humanitarian aid were loaded, transported and unloaded, and other works. On August 13, 2019, AMG employees were involved in a rescue operation with the subsequent air medical evacuation of the victim. 47 cases of treatment of the affected people within primary health care were registered. The general morbidity (help seeking) of AMG military personnel was 1190 ‰, i.e. each soldier turned for medical help 1.2 times. In the structure of the general morbidity, the 1st rank was taken by diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (XII chapter according to ICD 10), the 2nd – diseases of the respiratory system (X chapter), the 3rd – diseases of the digestive system (XI chapter). The prevaling cases of treatment were infected foot and leg scuffs, acute respiratory infections, acute toothache, enterocolitis.

Conclusion. An algorithm for cooperation with local authorities of the State system for the prevention and liquidation of emergency situations in the territory of the Angara region has been developed. The experience gained in organizing medical support for military personnel of the Tula Rescue Center of the EMERCOM of Russia will allow detailed planning of the forces and means of the medical service in the formation of an airmobile group.

Relevance. In the radioactive contamination territory, any work must be carried out with mandatory individual dosimetric monitoring of participants using all the irradiation pathways. However, at present, the control of personnel exposure through the respiratory organs is not carried out due to the lack of methodological and technical support.

Intention. To estimate the irradiation doses of personnel expected as a result of inhalation of transuranic elements during fires in the Belarusian sector of the Chernobyl exclusion zone.

Methodology. The objects of research are aerosol particles containing ¹³⁷Cs, ⁹⁰Sr, ²³⁸Pu, ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu, ²⁴¹Pu and ²⁴¹Am, formed as a result of high temperature sublimation and combustion of forest materials. The subject of research is the irradiation doses of personnel as a result of inhalation intake of ¹³⁷Cs, ⁹⁰Sr, ²⁴¹Am, ²³⁸Pu, ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu and ²⁴¹Pu during fire fighting.

Results and Discussion. The expected doses of internal irradiation in fire extinguishing participants in the Belarusian sector of the Chernobyl exclusion zone due to inhalation of transuranic elements were estimated. The assessments were carried out both by direct measurements of the volume activity of radionuclides in the breathing zone of fire fighting participants and via calculations. It is shown that the contribution of ¹³⁷Cs to the “inhalation” dose of personnel can be only 1 %. It is established that in the Belarusian sector of the Chernobyl exclusion zone the contribution of transuranic elements to the expected effective dose of internal radiation is about 60 %. Radiation doses of personnel expected as a result of inhalation of radionuclides did not exceed 0.1 mSv per year, which is significantly less than the control level established in the Polesye State Radiation Ecological Reserve for personnel (5 mSv per year).

Conclusion. The proposed methods make it possible to conservatively assess the expected inhalation doses in personnel in case of fire fighting in the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, as well as to ensure their accounting for individual dosimetric control.

Relevance. Maintaining the optimal temperature of the human body, as well as its timely warming at low ambient temperatures is one of the main tasks within first medical care.

Intention. To present specifications of thermal products developed at Institute of Engineering Physics (Serpukhov city, Moscow region).

Methodology. Innovative products for local heating based on metallized conductive filaments to maintain the temperature of the human body at low temperatures, including severe diseases and emergency situations.

Results and Discussion. Specifications of thermal bags and blankets equipped with autonomous electric heating system and also autonomous heating system for infusion solutions are described. Similar characteristics of the products are as follows: high reliability, operational convenience and safety; materials that withstand repeated sanitary hygienic treatment without induction of static electricity; regulation of ambient temperature for heating with visual indication of operation; domestic materials, equipment and accessories; absolute fire safety, moisture and frost resistance of materials that do not emit toxic substances; power supply from rechargeable batteries; the battery charge time from the charger ≤ 7¹/₂ hours. According to the pilot studies, thermal devices for autonomous heating of severely ill and injured are highly effective.

Conclusion. The conclusion is made on the appropriateness and effectiveness of thermal devices for first aid and medical care at low temperatures for seriously ill and emergency affected employees of the Russian EMERCOM and personnel of emergency and disaster medicine teams of Russia.

Relevance. Improving the medico psycho physiological support of professional activity of employees of hazardous industries is associated, in particular, with the development of techniques for rapid assessment of psychophysiological adaptation to significantly reduce examination time. For this, a questionnaire of multiple intelligence by G. Gardner (modified by V.A. Minkin and Ya.N. Nikolaenko) can be used within the VibraMI program. The Vibra program makes it possible to reduce the testing time to only 7–10 minutes vs 1.5–2.0 hours as in conventional examination. Up to date, there are no quantitative criteria for rapid assessment of psychophysiological adaptation by multiple intelligence parameters.

Intention. To develop criteria for rapid assessment of psychophysiological adaptation of hazardous industry workers based on the characteristics of multiple intelligence.

Methodology. The object of the study was the psychophysiological adaptation of workers at ”Elektrokhimpribor” plant at the stage of periodic medical examination. An integrated psychophysiological study was carried out with the use of specified techniques and methods for assessing multiple intelligence to estimate conscious and unconscious reactions of the participants when answering questions. assess the relationship between the presence/absence of psychophysiological maladjustment and characteristics of multiple intelligence.

Results and analysis. According to the results of complex experimental studies, the leading qualities of the workers of the main production of the plant were identified: natural, motor and interpersonal intelligence. The greatest differences between workers with the absence and presence of psychophysiological maladjustment are observed in motor intelligence. It is demonstrated that unconscious manifestations are associated with sincerity of responses and their compliance with internal guidelines. An integral indicator of psychophysiological adaptation disorders is based on conscious and unconscious reactions, and a nomogram of probability of these disorders was developed. Proposed criteria for the rapid assessment reduce duration of psychophysiological examination to 7–10 minutes.

Conclusion. The developed criteria of rapid assessment can be used to select professionals for important assignments, to conduct periodic psychophysiological examinations, to evaluate psychophysiological “price” of activities in case of emergencies and elimination of their consequences. This will preserve the professional health of workers in hazardous industries and minimize human related risk factors.

Relevance. The professional activities of EMERCOM of Russia employees in the Arctic region are curried out in harsh climatic conditions, are associated with high social and professional responsibility, and potential risks to life and health.

Intention – to predict the model of professional longevity of EMERCOM of Russia employees in the Arctic region. Methods. The study involved 176 EMERCOM of Russia employees divided into 3 groups depending on the length of professional experience in the Arctic region: group 1, 2 and 3 with length of service up to 5 years, from 5 to 10 years, and over 10 years, respectively. To determine the individual psychological characteristics, standardized psychological techniques were used.

Results and Discussion. Based on questionnaires, the biomedical component of the professional longevity of EMERCOM of Russia employees was established. In Group 1, 11 % of employees had medium level of the biomedical component, 62% had a level above medium, and 27 % had a high level. With an increase in the professional experience in the Arctic region, the number of people with high biomedical component decreases – for example, in Group 3, there were no employees with high levels. Correlation analysis showed that the professional longevity of EMERCOM of Russia employees in the Arctic region was facilitated by such individual psychological characteristics as time orientation, support, value orientation, self esteem, self acceptance, acceptance of aggression, cognitive needs, personality, existential fulfillment, emotional stability, independence, responsibility, whereas pessimism, impulsivity, trait and state anxiety, depression, tension, depersonalization decreased the professional longevity. Using the stepwise regression, with the length of professional experience as a result, a model for forecasting the professional longevity of EMERCOM of Russia employees in the Arctic region was created; forecast probability is 84 % (p < 0.001). The level of the biomedical component of professional longevity and individual psychological characteristics (emotional sensitivity, existential performance, sociability, flexibility of behavior, individualism, courage) were highly significant.

Conclusion. Taking into account the level of development of the biomedical component and such individual psychological characteristics as emotional sensitivity, existential fulfillment, sociability, flexibility of behavior, individualism, courage, will contribute to the professional longevity of EMERCOM of Russia employees in the Arctic region.

Relevance. Resilience as an integrative resource of an individual, determining its psychological stability was studied among cadets of the Emercom of Russia to develop a psycho correctional program and increase the effectiveness of vocational training and health maintenance.

Intention. To develop a model of resilience based on the identification of associated personality manifestations among the cadets of EMERCOM of Russia.

Methodology. The study was conducted on the basis of the Far Eastern Fire and Rescue Academy a branch of the St. Petersburg University State Emergency Service Ministry of Emergency Situations among 150 cadets of the faculty of fire safety aged 19–21 years. Psychodiagnostic methods were used as well as psychophysiological rehabilitation complex “REACOR” for biofeedback training and UPFT 1/30 “Psychophysiologist”.

Results and their analysis. Parameters of life meaningfulness increase proportionally to resilience. The analysis of terminal values showed that cadets with low resilience sought freedom, financially secure life, pleasures, while cadets with high resilience opted for development, continuous physical and spiritual self improvement. Indicators of internal motivation according to K. Zamfir test were lower in cadets with low and medium resilience vs high resilience. External negative motivation in the group with lower resilience, on the contrary, was higher due to avoidance prevailing over external positive motivation. Adaptation to new or changing conditions is quite complicated for cadets with low resilience and can be disturbed depending on external circumstances. Low resilience was associated with pedantic, anxious, cyclothymic, excitable and dysthymic personality accentuations, medium resilience was associated with cyclothymic and demonstrative accentuations, and high – with hyperthymic and demonstrative accentuations. Cadets with low and medium resilience commonly used confrontational coping strategy. Cadets with low resilience showed increase in flight – avoidance strategies in contrast to those with medium and high resilience (p < 0.05). Low resilience indicates a decrease in tension, the predominance of parasympathetic activity, pronounced inertness and passivity when performing tactical and technical actions. Cadets with high resilience demonstrated improved attention . Average and maximum response time was shorter in cadets with high resilience compared to those with low and medium resilience (p < 0.01), which indicates an increased concentration, activity, and speed. Greater response time in cadets with low resilience probably indicates their passivity and inertness when completing tasks (p < 0.01). After the heat chamber, average and maximum visual motor response time was longer in the group with low and medium resilience (p < 0.05). The structure of resilience includes biological (psychophysiological), social and psychological components. The predictors of resilience are the meaningfulness of life, such coping behaviors as self control, acceptance of responsibility, flight avoidance; personal adaptive potential and its components behavioral regulation and communicative potential; rigid and emotive accentuations; external negative motivation; psychophysiological indicators – vagosympathetic balance (LF / HF), average reaction time.

Conclusion. An experimental study of the psychological factors of reactions to professional stressors among cadets made it possible to draw up a scheme of resilience as an integral characteristic of a personality, and to reveal its components.

Relevance. Professional activities of rescuers not only involve a risk to their own lives, but also implies a high degree of responsibility for the lives and health of people affected by emergencies and accidents. Professional success and effectiveness of these specialists determine the outcome of rescue, search and other urgent activities. In this regard, determinants of professional effectiveness in rescuers need special attention and in depth study.

Intention. To investigate the psychological determinants of professional success of rescuers.

Methodology. The study involved 55 male rescuers aged 20 to 60 years, with different levels of education (from secondary professional to higher). Self assessment of the success of rescuers was determined by a 7 point scale via the question: “Do you consider yourself successful?” (7 – definitely Yes; 6 – Yes; 5 – rather Yes; 4 – hard to say, 50% to 50%; 3 – rather No; 2 – No; 1 – definitely No). Expert assessments of professional success were also performed. Psychological determinants of success were studied using psychodiagnostic techniques: “Socio psychological adaptation” by K. Rogers and R. Diamond, “Professional burnout” by K. Maslach, a questionnaire to identify risk appetite by G. Schubert, the test of resilience by S. Muddy, the scale of psychological well being by K. Ryff.

Results and Discussion. With the help of cluster analysis of self assessments, the sample of rescuers is divided into groups with high, medium and low professional success. According to the correlation analysis, external and internal evaluations of success significantly correlated only in the group of rescuers with low self assessment of success. At the same time, expert assessments showed a negative trend, decreasing from a group with high to a group with professional success. Indicators of social and psychological adaptation, risk appetite, psychological well being and resilience also show negative trends. Meanwhile, indicators of professional burnout show positive trends and increase from the group with high professional success to the group with low professional success.

Conclusion. Psychological traits, such as adaptability, resilience, psychological well being, risk appetite, resistance to professional burnout are the determinants of the success of rescuers and can be used as specific targets for psychological support of personnel of rescue units to improve their professional effectiveness.

Relevance. The northern territories occupy more than ²/₃ of the area of Russia. The Far North are the most important source of mineral and energy resources. Extraction and processing of mineral resources, development of the Far North are extremely laborious and require the attraction of labor resources from other regions of the country. Adverse climatic conditions have a significant impact on the lives of workers and members of their families, and therefore there is a need to study the biomedical characteristics of the indigenous and alien populations of the Far North regions.

Intention. To show the search algorithm for domestic scientific articles on biomedical problems of the population living in the Far North, and establish the structure of research areas in the array of publications.

Methodology. The research object was an electronic resource of domestic journal articles of the Electronic Scientific Library [https://elibrary.ru/]. The search query included: 1) type of publication – articles in magazines; 2) the subject of the search – in the title of articles, abstracts and keywords; 3) search words – “north, Arctic”, connected by the OR operator, which allows you to find search words separately or together; 3) taking into account morphology – any grammatical forms of search words; 4) years of publication – from 2005 to 2018; 5) thematic section – 78.00.00 “Medicine” of the State Russian Scientific and Scientific Technical Section. The articles were studied in a routine way and their content correlated with a specific code of the created classifier. Morbidity was correlated with the chapters of the International Classification of Diseases and Behavioral Disorders of the 10th revision (ICD 10).

Results and analysis. 4 956 responses to articles were found. The so called search noise was removed from the found array, which amounted to 27% in total. An array of 3618 domestic scientific journal articles indexed in the Russian Science Citation Index in 2005–2018 was created on biomedical problems in the population living in the regions of the Far North. With a very high coefficient of determination (R² = 0.91), the polynomial trend of the articles showed an increase in the publication activity of the authors. Most articles were devoted to the problems of adaptation of the population to the conditions of the Far North (27.9 %), etiology, treatment and rehabilitation of diseases (23.4 %), clinical laboratory diagnostics (13.7 %) and hygiene (11.4 %). In the array of articles, most common topics were medical and biological problems of the indigenous population of the Far North (16.3 %), children (13.6%), adolescents (8.7 %) and shift workers (6 %). In the structure of information on the morbidity of the population of the Far North of Russia, diseases of the circulatory system (Chapter IX according to ICD 10) ranked 1st, some infectious and parasitic diseases (Chapter I) ranked 2nd, mental and behavior disorders (V) ranked 3rd, diseases of the respiratory system (X) ranked 4th, diseases of the endocrine system, eating disorders and metabolic disorders (IV) ranked 5^th.

Conclusion. The scientific electronic library offer wide opportunities for scientists to avoid deadlock or parallel scientific research. As of August 11, 2019, 72.9 % of articles in an array on biomedical problems among the population living in the Far North of Russia had full texts open remotely for free to the registered users.