The need for a uniform system of first aid provision inRussiais discovered. This system shall include: regulatory framework for organizing the provision of first aid; measures to promote and enhance the motivation; training subsystem; equipping first aid providers with the necessary means and medicines; subsystem for accounting and performance analysis. Regulations on first aid are analyzed in detail, along with their development prospects.

Experience of using the EMERCOM field mobile medical unit in the humanitarian operation in the Republic of South Ossetia in August – September 2008 has been summarized. Normative basis for its establishment and  operation is presented, the conditions having the most significant impact on the organization of work are revealed. Presented are deployment chart and some results of work of the group for rendering medical assistance to EMERCOM professionals, employees of the federal bodies of executive power of the power unit, the local population.

Body functional parameters have been analyzed in the young and middle aged persons under the influence of dynamic magnetic fields of complex structure. There have been revealed peculiarities of changes in neurodynamic functions, non specific resistance, blood circulation and breathing physiologic systems during adaptation to the influence of dynamic magnetic fields of complex structure. Body functional parameters under the influence of dynamic magnetic fields of complex structure were compared in persons of different ages.

Mechanisms of diffuse pneumosclerosis and endotheliitis of the pulmonary arteries were assessed in the Chernobyl clean up workers. Radiation (inhalation) lung lesions additionally contributed to systemic inflammation. We investigated the degree of systemic inflammation reflected by circulating levels of C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF  ) and interleukin 6 (IL 6) in Chernobyl accident liquidators with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with/without pulmonary arterial hypertension. Increased systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPPA), which was detected inChernobylclean up  workers with COPD  more frequently, correlated with higher levels of CRP and TNF  . This may indicate a pathogenic role of systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with COPD.

Based on a study of 166 medical records, the analysis of the diagnostic efficiency of the clinical, laboratory, instrumental and operational methods of diagnosis of internal injuries in abdominal trauma was performed in patients admitted to the Naval Hospital (Vladivostok) in 2000–2010. A rational (rationalis – reasonable) approach to damage diagnostics using "direct" laparoscopy is proposed when general anesthesia and  other instrumental methods of examination are not available.

In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), chronic viral hepatitis is frequently registered, along with its remote adverse outcomes. Large scale vaccination against hepatitis B will help considerably reduce the number of patients with liver cirrhosis and liver cancer associated with HBV infection. Established risk factors for the development of primary liver cancer in the Republic are as follows: the indigenous nationality; male gender; replicative activity of B, C and D viruses; increased aldehyddehydrogenase/alcoholdehydrogenase ratio in the blood. Organizational model of rendering aid to patients with chronic viral hepatitis in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has been developed.

According to the in depth medical examination, about 60 % of the examined firefighters have chronic GI diseases, in most cases (76 %) combined with inflammatory destructive forms of periodontal disease. Therefore, the risk of mutual aggravation of periodontal disease and somatic diseases in this group of firefighters should be assessed in order for them to be timely examined and treated by internists and dentists.

In experiments on rats, influence of preventive administration of  sulfur containing radioprotectors (cystamine, gammaphos), agonists of α₂  adrenoreceptors (indraline, naphthyzin) and immunomodulators (prodigiosane, betaleukine) on reparative processes in local (due β or X-ray irradiation) and combined radiation injures (general  irradiation with superficial or deep radiation skin burns) is investigated. It is established that aminothiols and adrenomimetics show their radioprotective efficiency only in superficial radiation burns, with the most expressed wound healing action for cystamine. In combined radiation injures including superficial skin burns, reparative processes are accelerated when using cystamine, naphthyzin and betaleukine; in injures combined with deep radiation burns – when using cystamine or betaleukine.

Characteristics of systemic mechanisms of deadaptation in barometeosensitive servicemen in the coastal zone of the Far North are presented. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of barometeosensitivity formation are established be as follows: reduced adaptive capacity and body functional reserves; increased sensitivity of blood pressure pressor response to the effects of endogenous vasopressors; increased reactivity and adaptive voltage in sympathetic adrenal, pituitary thyroid and pituitary adrenal axes; increased manifestations of polar tissue hypoxia and its hemodynamic compensation; adaptive cardiovascular overstress, with reduced adaptive capacity and functional reserves, as well as formation of autonomic imbalance with a predominance of the tone of the parasympathetic nervous system.

In the review, modern concepts of reactive arthritis (ReA) as immune mediated synovitis due to bacterial infection persisting intra articularly for a long time are considered. The complex mechanisms that lead to the development of ReA, are based on the interaction between the arthritogenic bacterial agent and microorganism. Ability of macroorganism cells to eliminate arthritogenic antigens defined by factors including genetic predisposition (HLA-B27), determine ReA immunopathogenesis. Better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of Chlamydia associated reactive arthritis will facilitate developing the most rational approaches to the treatment of this disease.

Study results on indicators of tissue immunity in patients with different variants of chronic gastritis, gastric polyps and neoplasia are presented. The ratio of lymphocyte subsets of the stomach mucous is characterized by a predominance of T lymphocytes and specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Count of B , NK cells and minor lymphocyte subsets is determined by patterns of the immune response in various pathological processes of the gastroduodenal zone.

The purpose of investigation was to study defensive mechanisms of metaprot and ethomerzol (25 and 50 mg/kg) in a rat model of acute carbophos intoxication (256.0 ± 8.7) mg/kg. Both compounds recovered physical load tolerance, normalized the activity of aspartate and alanine transaminases, reduced bilirubine, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. Effects on lipid peroxidation were reported as decreased malonic dialdehyde concentration and increased levels of reduced glutathione, as well as elimination of signs of endogenic intoxication. Antihypoxic, antioxidant, actoprotective, energotropic and reparative effects of metaprot and ethomerzol were proved.

We conducted a psychological survey of 221 professionals from Firefighting Service of St. Petersburg, 15 mine rescuers from the Federal State institution, Administration of military mine rescue detachments in building industry and 28 students of a Firefighting and Rescue College named St. Petersburg Centre for Rescuers' Training. Stress resistance decreased with aging of professionals. The risk group for deadaptation (category IV for neuropsychological resistance, NPR) included 26.7 % of mine rescuers and 0.9 % of firefighters. Against the background of relative psychological well being of firefighters and rescuers, 17.9 % of students had low neuropsychological resistance. No significant correlation between NPR and work experience in firefighters and mine rescuers was revealed. In firefighters, a relationship between health and professional advancement, on the one hand, and NPR levels, on the other, was established according to expert appraisals.

Complex corporate information systems are widely distributed in the modern world. Development, support and protection of similar systems require a significant amount of time and resources, besides only highly skilled experts can be engaged in similar systems. Information stored in such information systems has a huge value for the companies owing these systems; therefore, considerable efforts are spent to protect them from various threats. The purpose of this article is the combination of an indistinct and likelihood approach to an assessment of user immunity against ill minded attacks; rather elementary («one movement») actions aimed at «elementary» vulnerabilities of the user are considered. Influence on these vulnerabilities directly leads to some user's response.

Personal recollections of a teenage girl, now the Doctor of Psychology, Professor, about life in the Leningrad besieged by German fascists (1941 1944) are presented. Socio psychological causes of firmness in residents of besieged Leningrad are analyzed.

Studies published in 2006–2012 in foreign scientific journals were analyzed in terms of the severity of burnout syndrome (BOS) in the firefighters and personnel of other emergency services. The total number of respondents was 8,071 people from 12 countries; in 92 % of cases, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used. The structure of professional and general stressors that increase BOS risk is provided. Factors affecting the BOS level in firefighters are summarized.