Medical and statistical indicators of injuries among contract military personnel (privates, sergeants and foreman) in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (2003—2019)

Relevance. The extreme conditions of the service determine the probability of servicemen' erroneous actions, stress, and often a decrease in the functional reserves of the body. This results in diseases and injuries.
Intention: To analyze the indicators of injuries in the contract military personnel (privates, sergeants and foremen) of the Russian Armed Forces in 2003-2019.
Methodology. The selective statistical analysis of medical reports on the state of health of military personnel by the form 3/MED was carried out. The military units with the contract military personnel about 80 % of the total personnel were under consideration. The indicators of injuries were correlated with the blocks (S00-T98) of the ICD-10 Chapter XIX “Injuries, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes”.
Results and their discussion. In 2003-2019, the injuries incidence among the contact military personnel by ICD-10 Chapter XIX was (18.39 ± 1.74) ‰. Its percentage in the general structure of incidence rate for all ICD-10 Chapters was (3.7 ± 0.3) %. Corresponding hospitalization rates were (12.12 ± 0.88) ‰ with the percentage of (5.0 ± 0.4) %, working days loss - (311.5 ± 26.0) ‰ and (7.9 ± 0.6) %, dismissal - (0.24 ± 0.03) ‰ and (6.2 ± 0.7) %, mortality - (51.48 ± 4.53) per 100 thousand of personnel and (50.5 ± 2.2) %, respectively. There was a decrease in the rate and proportion of injuries in the general structure of analyzed indicators of morbidity. The most common injuries among the contract military personnel were injuries to the head (ICD-10 Chapter XIX block 1, S00-S09), wrist and hand (block 7, S60-S69), ankle and foot (block 10, S90-S99), knee and lower leg (block 9, S80-S89), elbow and forearm (block 6, S50-S59), shoulder and upper arm (block 5, S40-S49). The structure of the types of injuries to the areas of the body was presented. The military epidemiological assessment of the significance of the contract military personnel injuries was performed. The 1^st rank of the negative health effects significance was assigned to head injuries (block 1), injuries involving multiple body regions (block 11, T00-T07) ranked 2^nd, sequelae of injuries, of poisoning and of other consequences of external causes (block 22, T90-T98) ranked 3^rd, injuries to the ankle and foot (block 10) ranked 4^th and injuries to the wrist and hand (block 7) ranked 5^th. In total, these injuries amounted to 70.9 % of the assessed structure. Concerning trauma circumstances, many injuries occurred during off-duty hours (38.3 %). Injuries on combat duty comprised 3.4 %, during combat training - 17.4 %, on duty - 4.8 %, when using weapons and military equipment - 4.1 %, during household work - 5.4 %, during construction work - 1.7 %. Other circumstances were associated with 24.9 % of injuries.
Conclusion. The obtained medical and statistical indicators of the injuries can determine the strategy of safe conditions for military professional activity, injuries prevention, medical and health promotion and rehabilitation measures for contract military personnel.

1. Anan'in S.A., Dmitrochenkov A.V., Podushkina I.V. Travmatizm u voennosluzhashchikh i puti ego preduprezhdeniya [Injuries among military personnel and ways to their prevention]: monografiya. Nizhnii Novgorod. 2007. 124 p. (In Russ.)

2. Andreeva O.S., Karasaeva L.A., Shkurko M.A., Shahsuvarya S.B. Voprosy mediko-sotsial'noi ekspertizy i reabilitatsii invalidov s posledstviyami voennoi travmy [Questions of medical and social examination and rehabilitation of disabled people with the consequences of military trauma]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi voenno-meditsinskoi akademii [Bulletin of Russian Military medical Academy]. 2018. N 3. Pp. 199-202. (In Russ.)

3. Afanas'ev V.N., Yuzbashev M.M. Analiz vremennykh ryadov i prognozirovanie [Time Series Analysis and Forecasting]. Moskva. 2001. 228 p. (In Russ.)

4. Gubochkin N.G. Rekonstruktivno-vosstanovitel'nye operativnye vmeshatel'stva na oporno-dvigatel'noi sisteme pri raneniyakh, travmakh i ikh oslozhneniyakh u voennosluzhashchikh [Reconstructive surgical interventions on the musculoskeletal system for wounds, injuries and their complications in military personnel] : Abstract dissertation Dr. Med. Sci. Sankt-Peterburg. 2012. 36 p. (In Russ.)

5. Evdokimov V.I., Sivashchenko P.P. Sravnitel'nyi analiz mediko-statisticheskikh pokazatelei zabolevaemosti voennosluzhashchikh po kontraktu Voenno-morskogo flota i Sukhoputnykh voisk Rossii (2003-2018 gg.) [Comparative analysis of medical and statistical indicators of morbidity in the military serving under contract in the Navy and Land forces of Russia (2003-2018)]. Mediko-biologicheskie i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy bezopasnosti v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh [Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations]. 2019. N 1. Pp. 35-62. DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2019-0-1-35-62.

6. Evdokimov V.I., Sivashchenko P.P., Grigor'ev S.G. Pokazateli zabolevaemosti voennosluzhashchikh kontraktnoi sluzhby Vooruzhennykh sil Rossiiskoi Federatsii (2003-2016 gg.) [Indicators of morbidity among contract soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (2003-2016)]. Sankt-Peterburg. 2018. 80 p. (Seriya «Zabolevaemost' voennosluzhashchikh» ; vyp. 2 [“Morbidity in servicemen” Series]. Issue 2]). (In Russ.)

7. Mezhidova A.A. Osnovnye pokazateli pervichnoi invalidnosti u byvshikh voennosluzhashchikh i vsledstvie voennoi travmy v Rossiiskoi Federatsii v dinamike za 10 let [Highlights of primary disability in former military and due to military trauma in the Russian Federation over 10 years]. Vestnik Vserossiiskogo obshchestva spetsialistov po mediko-sotsial'noi ekspertize, reabilitatsii i reabilitatsionnoi industrii [Bulletin of the All-Russian Society of Professionals in Medical and Social Expertise, Rehabilitation and Rehabilitation Industry]. 2011. N 3. Pp. 43-46. (In Russ.)

8. Myznikov I.L., Polishchuk Yu.S. Sostoyanie zdorov'ya, zabolevaemost' i travmatizm u vodolazov, prokhodyashchikh sluzhbu v Kol'skom Zapolyar'e [Health status, morbidity and injury rate in divers serving in the Kola North]. Gigiena i sanitariya [Hygiene & Sanitation]. 2014. Vol. 93, N 4. Pp. 61-66. (In Russ.)

9. Pokazateli sostoyaniya zdorov'ya voennosluzhashchikh Vooruzhennykh sil Rossiiskoi Federatsii, a takzhe deyatel'nosti voenno-meditsinskikh podrazdelenii, chastei i uchrezhdenii v . [Health indicators of military men in the Russian Federation Armed Forces, as well as the activities of military medical units, units and institutions in the...]. Glavnoe voenno-meditsinskoe up-ravlenie Minoborony Rossii [Main military medical directorate of the Russian Ministry of Defense]. Moskva. 2004-2020. (In Russ.)

10. Rubashov A.V. Psikhologicheskie usloviya preduprezhdeniya travmatizma voennosluzhashchikh po prizyvu [Psychological conditions for preventing injuries in conscripts] : Abstract dissertation PhD Psychol. Sci. Moskva. 2002. 23 p. (In Russ.)

11. Rudnev A.I. Meditsinskaya reabilitatsiya voennosluzhashchikh posle minno-vzryvnoi travmy [Medical rehabilitation of servicemen after a mine-explosion injury] : Abstract dissertation PhD Med. Sci. Moskva. 2012. 24 p. (In Russ.)

12. Semenov A.V. Kompleksnoe mediko-sotsial'noe issledovanie travmatizma u voennosluzhashchikh i puti ego preduprezhdeniya [Comprehensive medical and social study of injuries among military personnel and ways to prevent them] : Abstract dissertation PhD Med. Sci. Ryazan'. 2006. 25 p. (In Russ.)

13. Fedorov R.A. Sovershenstvovanie khirurgicheskoi taktiki lecheniya voennosluzhashchikh s posledstviyami razryva perednei krestoobraznoi svyazki [Improving the surgical tactics of treating military personnel with consequences of rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament] : Abstract dissertation PhD Med. Sci. Sankt-Peterburg. 2016. 24 p. (In Russ.)

14. Khankevich Yu.R., Myznikov I.L., Askerko N.V. [et al.]. Travmatizm u voennosluzhashchikh Severnogo flota [Rate of injuries in military men of the North fleet]. Voenno-meditsinskii zhurnal [Military medical journal]. 2012. Vol. 333, N 7. Pp. 32-40. (In Russ.)