The state of the intestinal microbiota and the level of cholesterol in the liquidators of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the distant period

Relevance. Increasing prevalence of concomitant pathology among the Chernobyl accident recovery workers is associated with long-term adverse health effects. Due to a significant role of dyslipidemia, microbiological disorders of the gastrointestinal tract should be assessed along with individual indicators of cholesterol metabolism.

Intention. To study the features of the gut microbiome composition in the Chernobyl accident recovery workers.

Methods. Lipid metabolism was assessed based on the total cholesterol in the blood serum. Parietal intestinal microbiota was studied via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of microbial markers. The study group consisted of 94 Chernobyl accident recovery (1986-1990) workers aged 53-80 years with various somatic pathology.

Results and discussions. It was found that patients with elevated serum cholesterol had numerous microbial markers of Lactobacillus and Rhodococcus in the mucosal layer of the intestine, as well as aerobic bacteria which are the sign of dysbiosis. The most pronounced differences in the structure of the interrelations of “useful” and other intestinal microorganisms are associated with Lactobacillus. Representatives of “useful” gut microbiome, in addition to Lactobacillus, obviously correlate with each other.

Conclusion. According to the study results, there is a relationship between gut microbiome composition and lipid metabolism. Lipid metabolism disorders are associated with qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of gut microbiome in Chernobyl recovery workers. No statistically significant correlations were observed between parameters under study and radiation exposure or the year of participation in recovery work.

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