MORBIDITY WITH JOB ABSENTEEISM IN EMPLOYEES OF EMERCOM OF RUSSIA (1996–2015)

Abstract Relevance. Professional firefighters are engaged in one of the ten most dangerous jobs. Extreme conditions of activity contribute to excessive strain of the functional reserves in specialists and can result in health disorders or even death.

Intention. To analyze the morbidity with job absenteeism in employees of the State Fire Service (SFS) of the EMERCOM of Russia over 20 years from 1996 to 2015.

Methods. Annual morbidity with job absenteeism was studied using sick notes in 108,000 firefighters who accounted for no less than 80 % of all employees with special military ranks at the SFS of Emercom of Russia. Unification of accounting and analysis of morbidity was achieved using the classification of diseases, injuries and causes of death of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, the 10th revision (ICD-10). Levels of morbidity with job absenteeism were calculated per 1000 employees (‰). Health indicators over time were assessed by the method of analysis of dynamic series, with a second-order polynomial trend.

Results and Discussion. Average annual levels of job absenteeism cases among employees of SFS of the EMERCOM of Russia in 1996–2015 were (525.4 ± 38.7) ‰, job absenteeism days – (6520.6 ± 460.4) ‰, day / case ratio – (12.5 ± 38.7) days.  Polynomial trends with high coefficients of determination showed a decrease. Compared to 1996, cases of job absenteeism in 2015 decreased by 363.5 ‰ (or 49.2%), days of job absenteeism – by 4082 ‰ (or 46.3 %). Strong correlations were revealed between the number of cases of job absenteeism and professional workload (i.e. the number of fires, r = 0.90, p < 0.001) and the macroeconomic situation in the country (i.e. gross domestic product, r = –0.95, p < 0.001). The leading classes in the structure of cases of job absenteeism were Class X (46.9 %), XIX (12.5 %), other (10 %), XIII (9.2 %), XI (4.9 %), and in the structure of days of job absenteeism – Class X (34.2 %), XIX (20.1 %), other classes (11.3 %), XIII (10.3 %) and XI (6.1 %). The levels of morbidity by regions of Russia are presented. The epidemiological significance of diseases and injuries by ICD10 classes is determined. The first most significant ICD-10 class for morbidity with job absenteeism was Class X (respiratory diseases), then Class XIX (trauma, poisoning and some other consequences of external causes), other classes of diseases, Class XIII (diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue), and Class XI (diseases of the digestive system).

Conclusion. Prevention activities focused on leading disease classes will contribute to improving the health of firefighters.

firefighter, fire, epidemiology, health, medical and statistical indicator, morbidity, job absenteeism

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