<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mchsros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медико-биологические и социально-психологические проблемы безопасности в чрезвычайных ситуациях</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4441</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-7487</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25016/2541-7487-2018-0-2-109-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mchsros-355</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOLOGICAL ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИЕ И ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ ПРИ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОМ ГОЛОДАНИИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>METABOLIC AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN HUMAN ORGANISM DURING PROLONGED STARVATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорошинина</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khoroshinina</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хорошинина Лидия Павловна – д-р мед. наук проф.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д.2</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, Народная ул., д. 21, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lidiya Pavlovna Khoroshinina – Dr. Med. Sci. Prof.</p><p>Litovskaya Str., 2, St. Petersburg, 194100</p><p>Narodnaya Str., 21–2, St. Petersburg, 193079</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solt54@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурилов</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churilov</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чурилов Леонид Павлович – канд. мед. наук доц., зав. каф. патологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д.7/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid Pavlovich Churilov – PhD Med. Sci. Associate Prof., Chairman of Pathology Dept</p><p>Universitetskaya Emb., 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elpach@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет; &#13;
Санкт-Петербургский клинический госпиталь для ветеранов войн</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; &#13;
Saint Petersburg clinical hospital for veterans of wars</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хорошинина Л.П., Чурилов Л.П., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хорошинина Л.П., Чурилов Л.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khoroshinina L.P., Churilov L.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mchsros.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/355">https://mchsros.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/355</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность связана с увеличением количества голодающих людей во многих странах и значительностью финансовых затрат, которые обусловлены развитием алиментарно-зависимых заболеваний и состояний.</p><p>Цель – проведение обзора научной литературы по проблемам метаболических и патофизиологических нарушений при длительном голодании человека.</p><sec><title>Методика</title><p>Методика. Изучались доступные отечественные и иностранные источники научной информации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результат и их анализ</title><p>Результат и их анализ. Представлены сведения о патогенезе длительного голодания, эндо- и экзогенных причинах голодания, качественном и количественном голодании, изменении обмена веществ в организме при полном экзогенном голодании в различных органах и системах, периодах полного голодания (экстренной и долговременной адаптации, декомпенсации) и их эндокринно-метаболических особенностях. Приводятся результаты основных научных трудов ленинградских врачей, живших и работавших в блокадном Ленинграде в период Великой Отечественной войны.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Для научно-практической деятельности представленная информация имеет значение, поскольку в современном мире возникновение чрезвычайных ситуаций может сопровождаться длительным голоданием людей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The number of starving people throughout the world as well as global financial costs related to the development of alimentary-dependent conditions and diseases constantly increase. Intention. To review the scientific literature on the problems of metabolic and pathophysiological disorders caused by longterm starvation in human organism.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The available domestic and foreign sources of scientific information were studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and Discussion</title><p>Results and Discussion. Paper describes the data on the pathogenesis of prolonged famine, on the endo- and exogenous causes of starvation, on qualitative and quantitative types of starvation, as well as the changes in metabolism of various organs and systems in completely starving organism during all periods of complete starvation (that of emergency, long-term adaptation, and decompensation) with their detailed endocrine-metabolic features. The results of the main research works by the Leningrad physicians who lived and worked in besieged Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War are recalled.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The information presented is important for biomedical science and health practice as well, since emergencies can be associated with prolonged starvation of people in the modern world.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>чрезвычайная ситуация</kwd><kwd>патофизиология</kwd><kwd>питание</kwd><kwd>голодание</kwd><kwd>обмен веществ</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>emergency</kwd><kwd>pathophysiology</kwd><kwd>nutrition</kwd><kwd>starvation</kwd><kwd>metabolism</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гефтер Ю.М. Биохимические изменения в организме при алиментарной дистрофии // Научные наблюдения за 2 года Отечественной войны / под ред. И.Д. Страшуна. Л. : Изд-во мед. лит., 1944. С. 7–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gefter Yu.M. Biokhimicheskie izmeneniya v organizme pri alimentarnoi distrofii Nauchnye nablyudeniya za 2 goda Otechestvennoi voiny [Biochemical changes in the organism at malnutrition. Scientific observations over the 2 years of the Patriotic war]. Ed. Strashun. Leningrad. 1944. Pp. 7–12. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайчик А.М., Чурилов Л.П. Патохимия. Эндокринно-метаболические нарушения. Изд.3-е, доп. и испр. СПб. : Элби-СПб, 2007. 756 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaichik A.M., Churilov L.P. Patokhimiya. Endokrinno-metabolicheskie narusheniya [Pathochemistry. Endocrine and Metabolic disorders]. Sankt-Peterburg. 2007. 756 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ланг Г.Ф. Клиника алиментарной дистрофии // Труды 1-й терапевтической конференции. Горький, 1943. С. 406–424.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lang G.F. Klinika alimentarnoi distrofii [Сlinic of alimentary dystrophy]. Trudy 1-i terapevticheskoi konferentsii [Proceedings of the 1st therapeutic conference]. Gor’kii. 1943. Pp. 406–424. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лондон Е.С. Физиология и патология пищеварения. Петроград : Практ. медицина, 1916. 168 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">London E.S. Fiziologiya i patologiya pishchevareniya [Physiology and pathology of digestion]. Petrograd. 1916. 168 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лукьянов С.М. Основания общей патологии пищеварения : 10 лекций. СПб. : К.Л. Риккер, 1897. VIII, 380 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luk’yanov S.M. Osnovaniya obshchei patologii pishchevareniya : 10 lektsii [Fundamentals of General Pathology of digestion: 10 lectures]. Sankt-Peterburg. 1897. VIII, 380 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перельман Л.Р. Патология питания. Голодание // Руководство по патологической физиологии. Л. : Биомедгиз, 1937. Т. 2. С. 5–121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perel’man L.R. Patologiya pitaniya. Golodanie [Pathology of nutrition. Starvation] Rukovodstvo po patologicheskoi fiziologii. Leningrad. 1937. Vol. 2. Pp. 5–121. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перельман Л.Р. Голодание. Киев, 1947. 139 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perel’man L.R. Golodanie [Starvation]. Kiev. 1947. 139 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свечников В.А. Болезнь голодания (алиментарная дистрофия). Л. : Изд-во 2-го ЛМИ, 1947. 103 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svechnikov V.A. Bolezn’ golodaniya (alimentarnaya distrofiya) [Disease of starvation (alimentary dystrophy)]. Leningrad. 1947. 103 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черноруцкий М.В. Алиментарная дистрофия в блокированном Ленинграде. Л. : Медгиз, 1947. 367 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernorutskii M.V. Alimentarnaya distrofiya v blokirovannom Leningrade [Alimentary dystrophy in the blocked Leningrad]. Leningrad. 1947. 367 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чурилов Л.П. Анри Лабори и метаболическая логистика стресса // Здоровье – основа человеческого потенциала: проблемы и пути их решения : тр. IX всерос. науч.-практ. конф. с междунар. участием. 2014. T. 9, № 1. С. 161–169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Churilov L.P. Anri Labori i metabolicheskaya logistika stressa [Henri Laborie and metabolic logistics of the stress. Zdorov’e – osnova chelovecheskogo potentsiala: problemy i puti ikh resheniya [Health – the base of human potential: Problems and ways to solve them] : Scientific. Conf. Proceedings. 2014. Vol. 9, N 1. Pp. 161–169. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чурилов Л.П. Общая патофизиология с основами иммунопатологии. Изд.5-е. СПб. : Элби-СПб, 2015. 686 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Churilov L.P. Obshchaya patofiziologiya s osnovami immunopatologii [General pathophysiology with the Fundamentals of immunopathology]. Sankt-Peterburg. 2015. 686 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шанин В.Ю. Стрессорное голодание и алиментарная дистрофия // Клинич. медицина и патофизиология. 1995. № 1. С. 62–70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shanin V.Yu. Stressornoe golodanie i alimentarnaya distrofiya [Stress starvation and alimentary dystrophy]. Klinicheskaya meditsina i patofiziologiya [Clinical Medicine and Pathophysiology]. 1995. N 1. Pp. 62–70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шанин В.Ю. Типовые патологические процессы. СПб. : СпецЛит, 1996. 278 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shanin V.Yu. Tipovye patologicheskie protsessy [Typical pathological processes]. Sankt-Peterburg. 1996. 278 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cahill G.F.J. Starvation in man // NEJM. 1970. Vol. 282. P. 668–675.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cahill G.F.J. Starvation in man. NEJM. 1970. Vol. 282. Pp. 668-675.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cahill G.F.J. Fuel metabolism in starvation // Annu. Rev. Nutr. 2006. Vol. 26. P. 1–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cahill G.F.J. Fuel metabolism in starvation. Annu Rev Nutr. 2006. Vol. 26. Pp. 1–22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flatt J.P. On the maximal possible rate of ketogenesis // Diabetes. 1972. Vol. 21. P. 50–53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flatt J.P. On the maximal possible rate of ketogenesis. Diabetes. 1972. Vol. 21. Pp. 50-53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foster D.W., McGarry J.D. The metabolic derangements and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis // NEJM. 1983. Vol. 309. P. 159–169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foster D.W., McGarry J.D. The metabolic derangements and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. NEJM. 1983. Vol. 309. Pp. 159–169.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Owen O.E., Morgan A.P., Kemp H.C. Brain metabolism during fasting // J. Clin. Invest. 1967. Vol. 46. P. 1589–1595.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Owen O.E., Morgan A.P., Kemp H.C. Brain metabolism during fasting. J. Clin. Invest. 1967. Vol. 46. Pp. 1589-1595.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Redies C., Hoffer L.J., Beil C. Generalized decrease in brain glucose metabolism during fasting in man studied by PET // Fin. J. Physiol. 1989. Vol. 256. P. E805–E810.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Redies C., Hoffer L.J., Beil C. Generalized decrease in brain glucose metabolism during fasting in man studied by PET. Fin. J. Physiol. 1989. Vol. 256. Pp. E805-E810.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
